Dignified, tall and handsome, with a clean-shaven chin and side-whiskers, Chester A. Arthur "looked like a president."
The son of a Baptist preacher who had emigrated from Northern Ireland, Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont, in 1829. He was graduated from Union College in 1848, taught, was to the bar and admitted as a solicitor in New York City. At the beginning of the Civil War he served as Quartermaster General of the State of New York.
President Grant appointed him in 1871, Collector of the Port of New York. Arthur effectively one thousand Customs House employees under his supervision on behalf of the hard Republican Roscoe Conkling, the combined machine.
Honorable in his personal life and his public career, Arthur was still firmly believe in the spoils system when it came under fierce attack from reformers. He called for fair administration of the Customs House, but staffed with more employees than necessary, while retaining them for their merit as party workers and not as government representatives.
In 1878, President Hayes, tried to reform the Customs House ousted Arthur. Conkling and his followers tried to recover to win the fight for the appointment of Grant to the 1880 Republican Convention. Otherwise, they reluctantly on the nomination of Arthur for the Vice Presidency.
During his brief tenure as Vice-President, Arthur stood firmly beside Conkling in his patronage struggle against President Garfield. But when Arthur succeeded to the presidency, he was anxious to prove themselves over machine politics.
Avoiding old political friends, he was a man of fashion in his robe and staff, and often was in the elite of Washington, New York and Newport seen. To the outrage of the sturdy Republicans, former Collector of the Port of New York, as president, an advocate of civil service reform. Public pressure forced the intensified by the assassination of Garfield, to hear an unwieldy Congress president.
In 1883, Congress passed the Pendleton Act, the Civil Service Commission has a dual tax policy evaluations of public officials prohibited founded and offered a "classified system" that the government's positions guaranteed only through competitive written examinations. The system protected employees against removal for political reasons.
Regardless of party dogma, Arthur also tried to lower prices, the government would not be embarrassed by annual surpluses of revenue. Congress raised about as much as the prices trimmed, but Arthur signed the Tariff Act of 1883. Injured in the west and Southerners looked to the Democratic Party for redress, and the tariff began to emerge as a major political issue between the two parties.
Arthur administration was the first general Federal immigration law. Arthur approved a measure in 1882 without arms, criminals and lunatics. Congress suspended Chinese immigration for 10 years later making the restriction permanent.
Arthur demonstrated as President that he was above factions within the Republican Party, when in fact not about the party itself. Perhaps in part his reason was well-kept secret that he has 1 year, after he succeeded in the presidency, that he was suffering from a fatal kidney disease. He stayed in the race for the presidency in 1884 not to appear that he feared defeat, but was not reelected, and died 1886th Publisher Alexander K. McClure recalled, "Nobody has ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and very wary, and no one retired ... more generally respected."
The son of a Baptist preacher who had emigrated from Northern Ireland, Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont, in 1829. He was graduated from Union College in 1848, taught, was to the bar and admitted as a solicitor in New York City. At the beginning of the Civil War he served as Quartermaster General of the State of New York.
President Grant appointed him in 1871, Collector of the Port of New York. Arthur effectively one thousand Customs House employees under his supervision on behalf of the hard Republican Roscoe Conkling, the combined machine.
Honorable in his personal life and his public career, Arthur was still firmly believe in the spoils system when it came under fierce attack from reformers. He called for fair administration of the Customs House, but staffed with more employees than necessary, while retaining them for their merit as party workers and not as government representatives.
In 1878, President Hayes, tried to reform the Customs House ousted Arthur. Conkling and his followers tried to recover to win the fight for the appointment of Grant to the 1880 Republican Convention. Otherwise, they reluctantly on the nomination of Arthur for the Vice Presidency.
During his brief tenure as Vice-President, Arthur stood firmly beside Conkling in his patronage struggle against President Garfield. But when Arthur succeeded to the presidency, he was anxious to prove themselves over machine politics.
Avoiding old political friends, he was a man of fashion in his robe and staff, and often was in the elite of Washington, New York and Newport seen. To the outrage of the sturdy Republicans, former Collector of the Port of New York, as president, an advocate of civil service reform. Public pressure forced the intensified by the assassination of Garfield, to hear an unwieldy Congress president.
In 1883, Congress passed the Pendleton Act, the Civil Service Commission has a dual tax policy evaluations of public officials prohibited founded and offered a "classified system" that the government's positions guaranteed only through competitive written examinations. The system protected employees against removal for political reasons.
Regardless of party dogma, Arthur also tried to lower prices, the government would not be embarrassed by annual surpluses of revenue. Congress raised about as much as the prices trimmed, but Arthur signed the Tariff Act of 1883. Injured in the west and Southerners looked to the Democratic Party for redress, and the tariff began to emerge as a major political issue between the two parties.
Arthur administration was the first general Federal immigration law. Arthur approved a measure in 1882 without arms, criminals and lunatics. Congress suspended Chinese immigration for 10 years later making the restriction permanent.
Arthur demonstrated as President that he was above factions within the Republican Party, when in fact not about the party itself. Perhaps in part his reason was well-kept secret that he has 1 year, after he succeeded in the presidency, that he was suffering from a fatal kidney disease. He stayed in the race for the presidency in 1884 not to appear that he feared defeat, but was not reelected, and died 1886th Publisher Alexander K. McClure recalled, "Nobody has ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and very wary, and no one retired ... more generally respected."
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