"He is tall and well formed. His dress plain and in the old style .... His behavior was calm and dignified. From the open, honest expression of his eyes ... I think he deserves the praise went to pass him by great Jefferson, who said: "Monroe was so honest that if you turned inside his soul would not be a spot on". "
Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and lawyers in Fredericksburg, Virginia.
As a young politician, he is the Anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected senator of the United States. As Minister to France 1794-1796, he showed a strong sympathy for the French case, later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase.
His ambition and energy, together with the support of President Madison, he, the Republican choice for president was in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820.
Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet selection, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as secretary of war, and from the north, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.
At the beginning of his reign, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. In Boston, his visit was "celebrated era of good feelings." Unfortunately, as the beginning of this "good feeling" not tolerate, but unbroken Monroe, his popularity, followed nationalist policies.
On the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people in the Missouri Territory in 1819 denied his application for admission into the Union as a slave state. An amended bill for the gradual abolition of slavery in Missouri defeated after two years of bitter debate in Congress.
The Missouri Compromise bill resolved struggle, linking Missouri is always slave state with Maine, a free state, and with the exception of slavery in the north and west of Missouri.
In foreign policy might Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that his name would respond to the threat posed by the more conservative governments in Europe are trying to Spain to win back her former Latin American colonies bears help. Monroe was not formally begin with the young sister republics until 1822 to recognize, after finding that the Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Florida, as was done in 1821.
Great Britain forward with its powerful navy, also re-conquest Latin America and suggested that the United States proclaiming "hands off". Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison, Monroe led to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, "It would be more honest to confess ... our principles explicitly to Russia and France, then in such a cock-boat to come in the wake of the British Man-of- War. "
Monroe accepted Adams Consulting. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not interfere in the southern Pacific coast. "... The American continents," he said, "the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, will not be considered as subjects for future colonization of the future by a European power into consideration." Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this was the Monroe Doctrine as announced.
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